1. Overview: 2. Research Background: 3. Research Objectives and Research Questions: 4. Research Methodology 5. Key Research Findings: 6. Conclusion and Discussion: 7. Future Follow-up Research: 8. References: 9. Copyright: This material is a summary based on the above paper, and unauthorized use for commercial purposes is prohibited.Copyright © 2025 CASTMAN. All rights reserved.
1. Overview: 2. Research Background: LEDs are increasingly used due to their long lifespan and high efficiency. However, LEDs are point heat sources, leading to localized temperature increases in the surrounding polymer molding material, peripheral devices, and the LED element itself. This temperature rise negatively impacts luminous efficiency (a 5-8% decrease for every 10°C increase),
1. Overview: 2. Research Background: 3. Research Objectives and Research Questions: 4. Research Methodology: 5. Key Research Findings: 6. Conclusion and Discussion: 8. References: [1] US Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency of LEDs, PNNL-SA-94206, March 2013, Available: http://energy.gov/eere/ssl/downloads/energy-efficiency-leds.[2] OSRAM GmBH, Viewed: 27 March 2016, Available: http://www.osram-os.com/osram_os/en/index.jsp.[3] R. Singh, M. Mochizuki, Y. Saito, T. Yamada, T.
1. Overview: 2. Background: Automotive headlamps are crucial for nighttime safety and vehicle aesthetics. Historically, halogen and xenon bulbs were prevalent, but halogen bulbs are inefficient, generating significant heat, while xenon bulbs have slower ignition times. High-Power Light Emitting Diodes (HPLEDs) offer higher efficiency and longer lifespans, but their compact size leads to high junction
1. Overview: 2. Research Background: Automotive headlamps are crucial for driver visibility, and LED lamps are gaining popularity due to their energy efficiency and long lifespan. However, the high heat generation of LED lamps can reduce their lifespan and efficiency. Existing water-cooled cooling plates and heat pipes offer superior cooling performance but are limited by
1. Overview: 2. Background: High-brightness white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are very promising in many new illumination applications. LED light sources offer advantages such as long lifespan, fast response speed, environmental friendliness (mercury-free), and a color temperature (5500K-6000K) closer to natural light than xenon sources (4000K). The increasing use of LEDs in automotive lighting (interior lights,
1. Overview: 2. Research Background: The research addresses the growing global energy demand, projected to increase by 33% by 2050 [1]. A significant portion of energy is wasted as low-grade waste heat in industries like manufacturing and power generation [2, 4]. Conventional waste heat recovery (WHR) methods using heat exchangers often face challenges such as
1. Overview: 2. Background: Heating, ventilation, air-conditioning, and refrigeration (HVAC&R) systems consume a significant portion of residential and commercial building energy. Reducing refrigerant charge to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions is a crucial objective. Traditional heat exchangers (HXs) using round tubes and fins have limitations in performance improvement and require further miniaturization to meet reduced refrigerant
1. Overview: 2. Research Background: The increasing use of LEDs in automotive lighting systems presents a challenge due to heat generation from high-power LEDs, leading to performance degradation and reduced lifespan. Previous research identified factors affecting LED lifespan and analyzed heat transfer characteristics through heat sink design modifications. However, these studies lacked optimal cooling system
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1. Overview: 2. Background: The paper begins by highlighting the increasing concentration of greenhouse gases (GHGs) since the 1900s, primarily due to the combustion of fossil fuels in internal combustion engines (ICEs). Transportation is a significant contributor to these emissions. Electric Vehicles (EVs) and Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) are presented as promising solutions to reduce
